Indentured Labour in Mauritius

Addison, J. & Hazareesingh, K. 1984, A New History of Mauritius, Editions de l’Ocean Indien, Stanley.

Ahnee, M. 2016, ‘Reimagining Mardévirin: The Memory of Forgotten Religion in Postcolonial Mauritius’, unpublished MA thesis, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.

Allen, R.B. 2011, ‘Reconceptualizing the ‘New System of Slavery’, paper presented at the Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund’s International Conference on ‘New Perspectives, 5-7 December 2011, University of Mauritius, Mauritius.

Allen, R.B. 2008, ‘Vagrancy in Mauritius and the Nineteenth-Century Colonial Plantation World’ in Beier, A.L. & Ocobock, P. (eds.) Vagrancy and Homlessness in Global and Historical Perspective, Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio.

Allen, R.B. 2004, ‘Vagrancy and Labour Control in Mid-Nineteenth Century Mauritius’ in Teelock, V. (ed.) The Vagrant Depot of Grand River in Surroundings and Vagrancy in British Mauritius, The Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund, Port Louis, Mauritius, pp. 35-45.

Allen, R.B. 2001, ‘Licentious and Unbridled Proceedings: The Illegal Slave Trade to Mauritius and the Seychelles during the Early Ninettenth Century’ in The Journal of African History, Vol. 42.

Allen, R.B. 1991, ‘Lives of neither luxury nor misery: Indians and the free colored marginality on the Ile de France (1728-1810)’ in Revue Française d’Histoire d’Outre-Mer, 78 (3), pp. 337-358.

Allen, R. 1999, Slaves, Freedmen, and Indentured Laborers in Colonial Mauritius, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Amharai, V. 2013, ‘Récits postcoloniaux, retour colonial et diaspora indienne à Maurice’ in Loxias-Colloques, 3.

Anderson, C. 2000, Convicts in the Indian Ocean: Transportation from South Asia to Mauritius, 1815-1853, Macmillan Press/St Martin’s Press, London.

Anderson, J. 1858, Descriptive Account of Mauritius, L.A. Denny, Theatreplace.

Backhouse, J. 1844, A Narrative of a visit to Mauritius and South Africa, Hamilton Adams, London.

Bahadoor, B.D. 2017. ‘The Transition from Immigration to Labour Department: The Final Years of Indentureship in Mauritius’, paper presented at International Seminar on ‘Ending Indenture: Comparative Perspectives, 1875-1938’, University of Mauritius, September 2017.

Bal, E. & Sinha-Kerkhoff, K. 2007, ‘Separated by the Partition? Muslim of British Indian Descent in Mauritius and Suriname’ in Oonk, G. (ed.) Exploring Trajectories of Migration and Theory, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam.

Ballgobin, D.V. 2013, ‘Travailleurs engages indiens et nutrition à l’Ile Maurice (1834-1900)’ in Revue Historique de l’Océan Indien, 10, pp.283-298.

Bannerjee, R. 2010, ‘The Kala Pani Connection: Francophone Migration Narratives in the Caribbean Writing of Raphaël Confiant and the Mauritian Writing of Ananda Devi’ in Anthurium: A Caribbean Studies Journal, 7 (1), pp. 1-11.

Banergee, R. 2005, ‘Transformant le ‘cri’ de l’exilé en ‘chant’ de l’indo-mauricienne: Esthétique littéraire dans Pagli d’Anand Devi’ in Bancheri, S. & Issa-Sayeg, D. (eds.) Cross-Cultural Relations and Exile, Legas, Paris.

Baranabas, C.J. 1991, ‘From Madras to Mauritius 1800-1856: Studies in Emigration and Assimilation’, unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of Madras.

Barnwell, J.P. & Toussaint, A. 1949, A Short History of Mauritius, Longmans, London.

Beaton, Rev. P. 1859, Creoles and Coolies, or Five Years in Mauritius, J. Nisbet, London.

Beejadhur, A. 2004, Les Indiens à l’Ile Maurice (2nd Ed.), Gossagne Publications, Mauritius.

Benedict, B. 1980, ‘Slavery and Indenture in Mauritius and Seychelles’ in Watson, J. (ed.) Asian and African Systems of Slavery, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.

Benedict, B. 1965, Mauritius: Problems of a Plural Society, Institute of Race Relations, London.

Benedict, B. 1961, Indians in a Plural Society: A Report on Mauritius, Institute of Race Relations, London.

Benoist, J. 2013, ‘La traversée devenue mythe: le voyage des engagés indiens vers les îles’ in L’Etang, G. (ed.) L’Inde en nous. Des Caraïbes aux Mascareignes, Carbet, Fort-de-France, pp. 185-201.

Benoist, J. 1998, Hindouismes Créoles. Mascareignes, Antilles, Editions du Comité des travaux historique et scientifique, Paris.

Bhuckory, S. 1988, Hindi in Mauritius, Editions de l’Ocean Indien, Rose Hill.

Bissondoyal, B. 1984, Life in Greater India, Bharatiya Vidya Bhaven, Bombay.

Bissondoyal, B. 1968, The Truth About Mauritius, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bombay.

Bissondoyal, B. 1965, A Concise History of Mauritius, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bombay.

Bissondoyal, U. & Servansing, S.B.C. (eds.) 1986, Indian Labour Immigration, Mahatma Gandhi Institute, Mauritius.

Bissondoyal, U. (ed.) 1984, Indians Overseas, The Mauritian Experience, MGI, Mauritius.

Boodhoo, S. 1994, ‘The Bhojpuri Marriage Songs of Mauritius and Their Message’ in Sienaert, E., Cowper-Lewis, M., & Bell, N. (eds.) Fourth International Conference on Oral Tradition and Its Transmssion, University of Natal, pp. 130-141.

Boodoo, R. 2010, Health, Disease and Indian Immigrants in the nineteenth century Mauritius, Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund, Mauritius.

Boodoo, S. 2016, ‘Phooliyar Revisited: Work site of first batch of Girmitiyas’ in Mauritius Times, April 5th, 2016.

Boswell, R. 2006, Le Malaise Créole:  Ethnic Identity in Mauritius, Berghahn Books, USA.

Boswell, R. 2005, ‘Unravelling Le malaise creole : hybridity and marginalisation in Mauritius’ in Identities 12 (2), pp. 195-222.

Bragard, V. 2011, ‘L’Empreinte des Kala Pani dans la littérature caribéenne et mauricienne: une comparaison transcoloniale’ in L’Esprit créateur, 50, pp. 86-94.

Bragard, V. 2008, Transoceanic Dialogues: Coolitude in Caribbean and Indian Ocean Literatures, Peter Lang, Brussels.

Bragard, V. 2005, ‘Transoceanic echoes: coolitude and the work of the Mauritian poet Khal Torabully’ in International Journal of Francophone Studies, 8 (2).

Bragard, V. 2001, ‘Eaux obscures du souvenir: Femme et mémoire dans l’œuvre d’Ananda Devi’ in Thamyris/Intersecting, 8, pp. 187-199.

Bragard, V. 2000, ‘Cris de femmes maudites, brûlures du silence : la symbolique des éléments fondamentaux dans l’œuvre d’Ananda Devi’ in Notre Librairie, 142, pp. 66-73.

Bremner, N.K. 2010, ‘Looking Elsewhere: The Construction of Cultural Identity in Réunion and Mauritius’, unpublished MA thesis, The University of Leeds, Department of French, School of Modern Languages and Cultures, Leeds.

Brennan, L., McDonald, J. & Shlomowitz, R. 1998, ‘The geographic and social origins of Indian indentured labourers in Mauritius, Natal, Fiji, Guyana and Jamaica‘ in South Asia, 21 (sup. 001), pp. 41-55.

Brown, L. 2006, ‘Inter-colonial Migration and the Refashioning of Indentured Labour: Arthur Gordon in Trinidad, Mauritius and Fiji (1866-1880) in Lambert, D. & Lester, A. (eds.) Colonial Lives Across the British Empire: Imperial Careering in the Long Nineteenth Century, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 204-206.

Bunwaree, S. 2002, ‘Economics, conflicts and interculturality in a small island state: the case of Mauritius’ in Polis, 9 (1), pp. 1-19.

Burton, B. 1961, Indians in a Plural Society: A Report on Mauritius, Colonial Office, Colonial Research Studies, No. 34, London.

Calaon, D. 2011, ‘Industrial Archaeology at Aapravasi Ghat : Goods, Ports and People Histories’ in AGTF Newsletter, No. 9.

Calaon, D., Seetah, K., Morales, J. & Caval, S. 2013, ‘Archaeological insights of the indenture experience: the case of Trianon barracks’ in Teelock, V. et al. (eds.) Angajé: Explorations into the History, Society and Culture of Indentured Immigrants and their Descendants in Mauritius, Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund, Port Louis, pp.121-138.

Callikan-Proag, A. 1984, ‘La représentation des immigrants Indiens dans Le Cernéen 1836-1872’ in Bissoondoyal, U. (ed.) Indians Overseas : The Mauritian Experience, MGI, Mauritius.

Callikan-Proag, A. 1982, Marcel Cabon : Rêve et Réalité, Publications ACP, Mauritius.

Carroll, T. 1994, ‘Owners, immigrants and ethnic conflict in Fiji and Mauritius’ in Ethnic and Racial Studies, 17 (2), pp. 301-324.

Carsignol, A. 2011, L’Inde et sa diaspora: Influences et intérêts croisés à l’ile Maurice et au Canada, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris & Geneva.

Carter, M. 2002 ‘Subaltern success stories: Socio-economic mobility in the Indian labour diaspora – some Mauritian case studies’ in Internationales Asienforum, 33 (1-2), pp. 91-100.

Carter, M. 2000, Across the Kalapani: The Bihari Presence in Mauritius, Centre for Research on Indian Ocean Societies, London.

Carter, M. 1995, Servants, Sirdars and Settlers: Indians in Mauritius, 1834-1874, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Carter, M. 1994, Lakshmi’s Legacy: The Testimonies of Indian Women in 19th Century Mauritius, Editions de l’Océan Indien, Mauritius.

Carter, M. 1993, ‘The Transition from Apprenticeship to Indentured Labour in Mauritius’ in Twaddle. M. (ed.) The Wages of Slavery: From Chattel Slavery to Wage Labour in Africa, the Caribbean and England, Frank Cass, London, pp. 114-130.

Carter, M. 1992a, ‘Strategies of Labour Mobilisation in Colonial India: The Recruitment of Indentured Works for Mauritius’ in Journal of Peasant Studies, 19 (3-4), pp. 229-245.

Carter, M. 1992b, ‘The family under indenture: a Mauritian case study’ in Mauritian Studies, 4 (1), pp. 1-21.

Carter, M. 1987, ‘Indian Labour Migration to Mauritius and the Indenture Experience’, D.Phil thesis, University of Oxford.

Carter, M. & Wikramsinghe, N. 2019, ‘Unsettling diaporas: Negotiation of identities and subversion of categories – Asian women in and beyond slavery at Mauritius, the Cape, and Sri Lanka’ in Gounder, F. et al. (eds.) Gender and the legacy of slavery and indenture, Manohar, New Delhi.

Carter, M. & Wickramasinghe, N. 2018, ‘Forcing the archive: involuntary migrants ‘of Ceylon’ in the Indian Ocean World of the 18th-19th centuries’ in South Asian History and Culture,DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2018.1446797.

Carter, M. & Ng Foong Kwong, J. 2009, Abacus and Mah Jong: Sino-Mauritian Settlement and Economic Consolidation, Brill Publishers, Leiden.

Carter, M. & Torabully, K. 2002, Coolitude: An Anthology of the Indian Labour Diaspora, Anthem Press, London.

Carter, M., Deerpalsigh, S., Govinden, V. and Ng Foong Kwong, J. (eds.) 1998, Stepping Stone of Immigrants, Aapravasi Ghat: The Site and its History, CRIOS, Port Louis, Mauritius.

Chaillou, V. 2002, De L’Inde à la Réunion, Histoire d’une transition. L’épreuve du Lazaret, 1860-1882, Saint-André de la Réunion, Mauritius.

Chazan, S. & Ramhota, P. 2009, L’hindouiseme mauricien dans la mondialisation, Karthala, Paris.

Chowriamah, M. 2010, ‘Preserving a multidimensional heritage in a plural society’ in Mauritian Studies, 5 (Special Edition), pp. 91-101.

Christopher, A.J. 1992, ‘Ethnicity, Community and the Census in Mauritius, 1830-1990’ in The Geographical Journal, Vol. 158 (1), pp. 57-64.

Claveyrolas, M. 2021a, ‘La regulation de la pluralité dans l’hindouisme mauricien’ in Archives de Sciences Sociales des Religions, 193, pp. 131-152.

Claveyrolas, M. 2021b, ‘Queen-Victoria, village hindou mauricien. L’altérité au sein d’une société de plantation’ in Claveyrolas, J. & Trouillet, P-Y. (eds.) Les Hindous, les Autres et l’Ailleurs. Frontières et Relations, Editions de l’EHESS, Paris.

Claveyrolas, M. 2019, ‘From the Indian Ganges to a Mauritian Lake’ in Coleman, S., & Eade, J. (eds.) Translating the Sacred: Pilgrimage and Political Economy in Transnational Contexts, Berghahn, New York, pp. 21-39.

Claveyrolas, M. 2017a, ‘‘Indo-Mauritians’ and the Indian Ocean: Literacy accounts and Anthropological Readings’ in Journal of the Indian Ocean Region, 13 (2), pp. 174-189.

Claveyrolas, M. 2017b, Quand l’hindouisme est créole. Plantation et indianité à l’ île Maurice, Editions de l’EHESS, Paris.

Claveyrolas, M. 2016, ‘Les territoires de l’hindouisme mauricien : l’Inde, la mer, la plantation et la nation’ in Claveyrolas, M. & Delage, R. (eds.) Territoires du Religieux dans les mondes indiens. Parcourir. Mettre en scène, Editions de l’EHESS, Paris, pp. 99-121.

Claveyrolas, M. 2015, ‘The ‘Land of the Vaish’?: Caste Structure and Ideology in Mauritius’ in South Asia Multi-disciplinary Academic Journal, 2015.

Claveyrolas, M. 2014, ‘Un prêtre tamoul dans le chantier de l’hindouisme mauricien. Orthodoxies et autorité religieuse’ in Servan-Schreiber, C. (ed.) Indianité et créolité à l’île Maurice, Editions de l’EHESS, Paris, pp. 139-168.

Claveyrolas, M. 2013a, ‘L’hindouisme mauricien, une histoire de passages’ in Hidair, I., & Pourchez, L. (eds.) Rites de passages et constructions identitaires créoles, Editions des Archives Contemporaines, Paris, pp. 29-40.

Claveyrolas, M. 2013b, ‘Au ‘pays des Vaish’? Structure et idéologie de caste à l’île Maurice’ in Archives de sciences sociales des religions, 163, pp. 191-216.

Claveyrolas, M. 2012, ‘With or Without Roots: The Compared and Conflicting Memories of Slavery and Indenture in the Mauritian Public Space’ in Araujo, A-L. (ed.) Politics of Memory: Making Slavery Visible in the Public Space, Routledge, New York, pp. 54-70.

Claveyrolas, M. 2010, ‘L’ancrage de l’hindouisme dans le paysage mauricien: Transfert et appropriation’ in Bava, S. & Capone, S. (eds.) Migrations et transformations des paysages religieux, IRD-Presses de Sciences, Paris, pp. 17-38.

Claveyrolas, M. 2008, ‘Les temples de Mère Inde, musées de la nation’ in Gradhiva, 7, pp. 84-99.

Compan, M. 2007, ‘’Cette terre qui me ressemble’: Re-writing the Island, Re-writing the Self in Ananda Devi’s Pagli’ in Compan, M. & Pieprzak, K. Land and Landscape in Francophonic Literature: Remapping Uncertain Territories, Cambridge Scholars, Newcastle, pp. 41-59.

Coombes-North, A. 1993, A History of Sugar Production in Mauritius, African Books Collective, Port Louis, Mauritius.

Coombes-North, A. 1984, ‘From Slavery to Indenture: Forced Labour in the Political Economy of Mauritius, 1834-1867’ in Saunders, K. (ed.) Indentured Labour in the British Empire 1834-1920, Croom Helm Ltd., Australia.

Couacaud, L. 2013, ‘Recognising Mauritius’s Unique Heritage: The Relevance of Estate Temples and Shrines’ in Angagè: Post-indenture Mauritius, Explorations into the History, Society and Culture of Indentured Immigrants and their Descendants in Mauritius, Volume 3, Aapravasi Ghat Trust, Mauritius, pp. 135-158.

Couacaud, L. 2011, ‘Working and Living Conditions of Mauritian Sugar Estate Workers after Indenture’ in Truth and Justice Commission Report: Volume 3, Truth and Justice Commission, Mauritius.

Cowaloosur, V. 2020, ‘Whose Colonial Nostalgia? Reminders from Jeetny and Her Daughters’ in Wasafiri, 35 (1), pp. 63-71.

Dabee, R. 2021, ‘Mauritius as an outpost of Indian Philosphy, religion and Culture: a Unique Experiment of Transformation’, unpublished paper available on Academia.edu.

Deerpalsingh, S. 2000, ‘The Characteristics of Bihari Recruits’ in Carter, M. (ed.) Across the Kalapani: The Bihari Presence in Mauritius, Centre for Research on Indian Ocean Societies, London, pp. 43-55.

Deerpalsingh, S. & Carter, M. 1996, Select Documents on Indian Immigration, Mauritius 1832-1926, (Vol. 2: The Despatch and Allocation of Indenture Labour), Mahatma Gandhi Institute Press, Mauritius.

Deerpalsingh, S. & Carter, M. 1994, Select Documents on Indian Immigration, Mauritius 1832-1926, (Vol. 1: Organisation and Evaluation of the Indenture System), Mahatma Gandhi Institute Press, Mauritius.

Deerpalsingh, S. & Carter, M. 1996, Select Documents on Indian Immigration, Mauritius 1832-1926, (Vol. 3  Living and Working Conditions under Indenture), Mahatma Gandhi Institute Press, Mauritius.

Dergahee, R.2021, The Indentured Archipelago: Experiences of Indian Labour in Mauritius and Fiji, 1871-1916, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Dey, D. 2014, ‘Indentured Labourers and the Native Women in Mauritius: The Colonial Perspective’ in Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Vol. 75, pp. 989-995.

Dinan, M. 2002, Mauritius in the Making: Across the Censuses, 1846-2000, Nelson Mandela Centre for African Culture, Mauritius.

Doorhorun, U. 2017, ‘The Evolution of the Indentured System from 1880 to the End of Indentureship’, paper presented at International Seminar on ‘Ending Indenture: Comparative Perspectives, 1875-1938’, University of Mauritius, September 2017.

Eisenlohr, P. 2022a, ‘Sonic Atmospheres in Mauritian Devotional Islam: Sensing Transoceanic Connections in a Creole Society’ in Sykes, J. & Byl, J., Sounding the Indian Ocean: Musical Circulations in the Afro-Asiatic Seascape, University of California Press, Oakland, CA.

Eisenlohr, P. 2022b, ‘From Race to Religion in a Creole Society: Mauritian Muslims, the Hindu-Muslim Interface, and the Question of Religion and Creolization’ in archives de sciences sociales des religions, 197, pp.59-82.

Eisenlohr, P. 2011, ‘Religious media, devotional Islam, and the morality of ethnic pluralism in Mauritius’ in World Development, 39 (2), pp. 261-269.

Eisenlohr, P. 2007, Little India: Diaspora, Time, and Ethnolinguistic Belonging in Hindu Mauritius, University of California Press, Berkeley.

Eisenlohr, P. 2006, ‘The Politics of Diaspora and the Morality of Secularism: Muslim Identities and Islamic Authority in Mauritius’ in Journal of the Royal Anthropological Society, 12 (2), pp. 395-412.

Eisenlohr, P. 2004, ‘Temporalities of community: ancestral language, pilgrimage and diasporic belonging in Mauritius’ in Linguist Anthropology, 14 (1), pp. 81-98.

Eriksen, T.H. 1998, Common Denominators: Ethnicity, Nation-building and Compromise in Mauritius, Pluto Press, Boulder, Colorado.

Eriksen, T.H. 1994, ‘Nationalism, Mauritian Style: Cultural Unity and Ethnic Diversity’ in Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 36 (3), pp. 549-574.

Eriksen, T.H. 1993, Us and them in Modern Societies, H. Aschehoug AS, Oslo.

Eriksen, T.H. 1992, ‘Indians in New Worlds: Mauritius and Trinidad’ in Social & Economic Studies, 41 (1), pp. 157-1.7

Foh, C.M. 2012, ‘Legacy of Free and Indentured Chinese Immigration’ in Angajē: The Impact of Indenture, Volume 2, Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund, Port Louis, Mauritius.

Forest, C. 2016, ‘De monument national à patrimoine mondial: l’évolution de l’Aapravasi Ghat à l’Ile Maurice’ in Les Patrimoines de l’Océan Indien : Séminaire du 25 Novembre 2015, Riveneuve Editions, pp.185-197.

Frere, W.E. & Williamson, V.A. 1875, Report of the Royal Commissions Appointed to Enquire into the Treatment of Immigrants in Mauritius, Williams Clowes, London.

Gambhir, S.K. 1984, ‘Mauritian Bjojpuri: An International Perspective on Historical and Sociolinguistic Processes’ in Bissondoyal, U. & Servansing, S.C.D. (eds.) Indian Labour Migration, papers presented at the International Conference on Indian Labour Immigration, Mahatma Gandhi Institute, Moka, Mauritius, pp. 189-206.

Gerbeau, H. 1988, ‘Covert Slaves and Coveted Coolies in the Early Nineteenth-Century Mascareigne’ in Slavery and Abolition: A Journal of Slave and Post-Slave Studies, Vol. 9.

Ghosh, A. 2023, ‘Reflections while in Mauritius’ in Journal of Indentureship and its Legacies, Vol. 3 (1), pp. 150-153.

Ghosh, B. 2019, ‘Phoolyar in Mauritius: stamping memory and migration’ in Carnets de Recherches de l’océan Indien, No. 4.

Gordon, A.H. 1894, Mauritius – Records of Private and Public Life¸1871-4, Clark, Edinburgh.

Grant, C. 1801, The History of Mauritius, W. Bulmer, London.

Gungah, S. 2021, ‘History of Mauritius – A Book Like No Other’, unpublished, Mauritius.

Haines, J.J. 2021, ‘Shaping Landscapes: Environmental History, Plantation Management and Colonial Legacies in Mauritius’ in International Journal of Historical Archaeology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10761-021-00629-0.

Haines, J.J. 2020, ‘Mauritian indentured labour and plantation household archaeology’ in Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, 55 (4), pp.509-527.

Haines, J.J. 2019, ‘Intimate spaces and plantation landscapes in nineteenth-century Mauritius: archaeology of indentured laborers in the western Indian Ocean’, unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Virginia.

Haines, J.J. 2018, ‘Landscape Transformation under Slavery, Indenture, and Imperial Projects in Bras d’Eau National Park, Mauritius’ in Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology & Heritage, Vol. 7 (2), pp. 13-14.

Haines, J.J. 2009, ‘Intimate Spaces and Plantation Landscapes in Nineteenth-Century Mauritius: Archaeology of Indentures Laborers in the West Indian Ocean’, unpublished BA thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago.

Hanoomansingh, P.  2011, ‘Disciplinary Regimes and the Emergence of free Indian Populations in Mauritius and Trinidad’, paper presented at New Perspectives on Indentured Labour Conference, University of Mauritius, 5-7 December 2011.

Harmon, J. 2014, ‘Examining Narratives of Indentured Labour in Mauritian Post-Colonial Literary Texts in the Early Period of Independence: Power and Agency, Slave and Labour Continuum and New Social Order’, paper presented at International Conference on Indenture Labour Route Project, MGI, Réduit, November 3-5, 2014.

Harrington-Watt, K. 2016, ‘‘Still we live on’: The Transfiguration of Colonial Indentured Labour Photographs in Mauritius’, unpublished PhD thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch.

Hazareesingh, K. 1975, History of Indians in Mauritius, Macmillan, London.

Hazareesingh, K. 1969, Rabindranath Tagore: l’influence indienne à l’ile Maurice, A. Maisonneuve, Paris.

Hazareesingh, K. 1966, ‘The Religion and Culture of Indian Immigrants in Mauritius and the Effect of Social Change’ in Comparative Studies in Society and History, 8 (2), pp. 241-257.

Hollop, O. 2000, ‘Kinship and Marriage in the Construction of Identiy and Group Boundaries among Indians in Mauritius’ in Böck, M. & Rao, A. (eds.) Culture, Creation and Procreation: Concepts of Kinship in South Asian Practice, Berghahn Books, Oxford.

Hollop, O. 1994, ‘The Disintegration of Caste and Changing Concepts of Indian Ethnic Identity in Mauritius’ in Ethnology, Vol. 33, pp. 297-316.

Hurgobin, Y. 2016, ‘Making medical ideologies: indentured labour in Mauritius’ in Winterbottom, A. & Tesfaye, F. (eds.) Histories of Medicine and Healing in the Indian Ocean World, 2: The Modern Period, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp.1-26.

Ibbotson, P. 1962, ‘Indians in Fiji, Trinidad and Mauritius’ in Asian and African Review, 1962.

Indradanush. 2004, ‘Dookhee Gungah: The Unforgettable Philanthropist of Mauritius’ in Dookhee Gungah, 23 (32), Special Issue, 2004.

Jahangeer-Chojoo, A. 2004, La Rose et le Henné: Une Etude des Musulmans de Maurice, Mahatma Gandhi Institute, Moka.

Janoo, A. 2017, ‘End of Indenture: The Political Dimension/Perspectives from India and Mauritius’,  paper presented at International Seminar on ‘Ending Indenture: Comparative Perspectives, 1875-1938’, University of Mauritius, September 2017.

Jean-François, E.B. & Ravi, S. 2014, ‘Ethnicité, sexualité et mythologie. Ananda Devi et l’indo-mauricianité’ in Servan-Schreiber, C. (ed.) Indianité et créolité à l’île Maurice, Editions de l’EHESS, Paris, pp. 239-266.

Jha, J.C. 1986, ‘Early Indian Immigration into Mauritius (1834-1842)’ in Bissoondoyal, U. & Servansing, S.B.C. (eds.) Indian Labour Immigration, Mahatma Gandhi Institute, Moka, Mauritius, pp. 9-19.

Jokhun, S.R. 2017, ‘The Last Years of Indenture: The Last Immigrants’, paper presented at International Seminar on ‘Ending Indenture: Comparative Perspectives, 1875-1938’, University of Mauritius, September 2017.

Kothari, U. 2013, ‘Geographies and histories of unfreedom: Indentured labourers and contract workers in Mauritius’ in Journal of Development Studies, 49 (8), pp.1042-1057.

Kistnareddy, O.A. 2010, ‘’Hybridity’ in the Novels of Ananda Devi’, unpublished MPhil thesis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham.

Lallmahomed-Aumeerally, N. 2014, ‘A reading of Bollywood cinema as a site of melancholia for Indo-Mauritian Muslim female youth‘ in South Asian Popular Culture, DOI: 10.1080/14746689.2014.983708.

Le Comte, C. 2015, Portraits from the Immigration Archives in Mauritius, self-published, Singapore.

l’Estrac, J.C. (ed.) 2007, Mauriciens, enfants de mille races. Au temps de l’île de France, Editions le Printemps, Vacoas.

l’Étang, G. 2009, ‘Mutations de l’hindouisme aux Mascareignes et aux Antilles’ in Hookoomsing, V.Y., Ludwig, R. & Schnepel, B. (eds.) Multiple Identities in Action: Mauritius and Some Antillean Parallelisms, Peter Lang, Frankfurt, pp. 125-134.

Lionnet, F. 2012, The Known and the Uncertain: Creole Cosmopolitics of the Indian Ocean, L’Atelier d’écritude, Mauritius.

Lionnet, F. 2010, ‘’Dire Exactement’: Remembering the Interwoven Lives of Jewish Deportess and Coolie Descendants in 1940s Mauritius’ in Yale French Studies, No. 118-119, pp.111-135.

Maillard, L. 1862, Notes sur l’Ile de la Réunion, éd. Dentu, Paris.

Mann, M. 2011, ‘Migration – re-migration – circulation: South Asian coolies in the Indian Ocean and beyond, 1840-1940 in Gabaccia, D.R. & Hoerder, D. (eds.) Connecting seas and connected ocean rims- Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans and China Seas migrations from the 1830s to the 1930s, Brill, Leyden, pp. 108-133.

McDonald, J. & Schlomowitz, R. 1991, ‘Fares Charged for Transporting Indian Indentured Labour to Mauritius and the West Indies, 1850-1873’ in International Journal of Maritime History, Vol. 3 (1), pp. 81-99.

Mehta, S.R. 1995, ‘Power dynamics of Indian immigrants in Mauritius: a study in ethnic relations’ in Anthropology, 25 (11), pp. 1-11.

Merven, T. 1896, L’Indien à Maurice, The Planters & Commercial Gazette, Calcutta.

Metcalf, T.R. 2007, Imperial Connections: India in the Indian Ocean Arena, 1860-1920, University of California Press, Berkeley.

Mishra, A.K. 2022, ‘Beneficiaries of Empire? Mapping the Trajectories of Transformation of Indian Labour Diaspora in Mauritius’ in Journal of People’s History and Culture, Vol. 8 (2).

Mishra, A.K. 2017, ‘Ending Indenture: Regime, Resistance and Remains’, paper presented at International Seminar on ‘Ending Indenture: Comparative Perspectives, 1875-1938’, University of Mauritius, September 2017.

Mishra, A.K. 2011, ‘Impact of Vagrancy Laws on Labour Mobility’ in Boraine, A. et al. (eds.) The Report of the Truth and Justice Commission: Volume 4: History, Economy, Society and Memory: Part VIII: Indentured Immigration, Government Printers, Port Louis, Mauritius.

Mishra, A.K. 2009, ‘Indian Indentured Labourers in Mauritius’ in Studies in History, 25 (2), pp. 229-251.

Mookherji, S.B. 1962, The Indenture System in Mauritius, 1837-1915, K.L. Mukhopadhyay, Calcutta.

Morris, J. 1862 (2010 reprint), Monographie de l’Ile Maurice, Kessinger Publishing, Montana.

Mouat, F.J. 1852, Rough Notes of a Trip to Reunion, Mauritius and Ceylon; with remarks on their eligibility as sanitaria for Indian invalids, Thacker Spink & Co., Calcutta.

Müller, G. & Abel, J. ‘Cultural Forms of Representation of ‘Coolies’: Khal Torabully and his Concept of Coolitude’ in Damir-Geilsdorf, S. et al., (eds.) Bonded Labour: Global and Comparative Perspectives (18th-21st Century), Verlag, Bielefeld, pp. 219-228.

Müller, G. & Abel, J. 2015, ‘Korallen: Migration and Transozeanität. Khal Torabully – Indian Diaspora‘ in Dünne, J. & Mahler, A. (eds.) Handbuch Literatur und Raum, De Gruyter, Berlin, pp.505-514.

Munga-Medhi, J. 2017, ‘Archaeology of Indenture: Is Mauritius Creating a New Avenue of Archaeological Research?’, paper presented at International Seminar on ‘Ending Indenture: Comparative Perspectives, 1875-1938’, University of Mauritius, September 2017.

Napal, D. 1965, Les Indiens à l’Ile de France, Editions Nationales, Mauritius.

Natarajan, N. 1993, ‘Reading Diaspora’ in Nelson, S. (ed.) Writers of the Indian Diaspora, Greenwood Press, Westport.

Nave, A. 2000, ‘Marriage and the maintenance of ethnic group boundaries: the case of Mauritius’ in Ethnic Racial Studies, 23 (2), pp. 329-352.

Nelson, E.S. (ed.) 1993, Writers of the Indian Diaspora, Greenwood Press, Westport.

Nelson, E.S. (ed.) 1992, Reworlding the Literature of the Indian Diaspora, Greenwood Press, Westport.

Ng Foong Kwong, J. 2001, ‘Mutations sociales et développement du commerce Chinois au XIXe Siècle’ in Journal of Mauritian Studies, 2001.

Ng Foong Kwong, J. 1997, Forging the Rainbow: Labour Migrants in British Mauritius, Alfram, Leiden.

Ng Tseung-Wong, C. & Verkuyten, M. 2015, ‚Multiculturalism, Mauritian style: cultural diversity, belonging, and a secular state’ in Behavioural Science, 59 (6), pp. 679-701.

North-Coombs, M.D. 1984, ‘From Slavery to Indenture: Forced Labour in the Political Economy of Mauritius 1834-1867’ in Saunders, K. (ed.) Indentured Labour in the British Empire 1834-1920, Croom Helm, London, pp. 78-125.

Oonk, G. (ed.) 2007, Global Indian Diasporas: Exploring Trajectories of Migration and Theory, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam.

Parahoo, K.A. 1986, ‘Early Colonial Health Developments in Mauritius’ in International Journal of Health Services, Vol. 16 (3), pp. 409-423.

Peerthum, S. 2021, ‘Forbidden Freedom: A Study of Vagrancy amongst Indentured Workers in Mauritius, 1829-1890’ in Indenture Papers: Studies on Giritiyas, Vol. 1, pp. 53-84.

Peerthum, S. 2015, Antionette: An invitation to Discover the Indenture Heritage of Mauritius, Apravasi Ghat Trust Fund, Port Louis.

Peerthum, S. 2012a, ‘A cheap reservoir of mankind for labour: the genesis of the indentured labour system in Mauritius, 1826-1843’  in Society and Culture of Indentured Immigrants Descendents Mauritius, 1, pp. 155-178.

Peerthum, S. 2012b, ‘’Hamara Ithihaas’: The Origins and Experiences of the Pioneer Bihari Indentured Labourers in Mauritius, 1830-1890’ in Teelock, V. et al. (eds.) Angaje: Explorations into the History, Society and Culture of Indentured Immigrants and their Descendants in Mauritius: The Early Years, Volume 1, The Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund, Port Louis, Mauritius, pp. 25-42.

Peerthum, S. 2011, ‘’Reconsidering Crime’ in Port Louis: African Apprentices and Indian Labourers’ in Boraine, A. et al. (eds.) The Report of the Truth and Justic Commission: Volume 4: History, Economy, Society and Memory: Part VIII: Indentured Immigration, Government Printers, Port Louis, Mauritius.

Peerthum, S. 2008, Vagrant Statistical Returns in the Aapravasi Ghat Trus Fund, APTF, Vagrants Database, Mauritius.

Peerthum, S. 2004, ‘History of the Vagrant Depot of Grand River North West (1864-1886)’ in Teelock, V. (ed.) Vagrant Depot and its Surroundings and Vagrancy in British Mauritius, AGTF, Mauritius, pp. 64-122.

Pineo, Ly-Tio-Fane, H. 2009, Lured Away: The Life History of Cane Workers in Mauritius, MGI, Mauritius.

Pineo, Ly-Tio-Fane, H. 2008, From Alien to Citizen: The Integration of the Chinese In Mauritius, Editions de l’Océan Indien, Mauritius.

Pineo, Ly-Tio-Fane, H. 1985, Chinese Diaspora in Western Indian Ocean, Editions de l’Océan Indien, Mauritius.

Poddar, N. 2011, ‘The Islands Within: Alterity, Imperialism and the Metroport in Mauritian Fiction’ in Dalhousie French Studies, Vol. 94, pp. 39-51.

Prosper, J.G. 1990, ‘L’Apocalypse mauricienne’ in Prosper, J.G. Chants Planétaires, Proag Printing, Mauritius.

Prosper, J.G. 1978, Histoire de la Littérature Mauricienne de langue française, Editions de l’Océan Indien, Rose Hill.

Rai, K. & Rai, K. 1983, ‘Role of Indians in Mauritius’ in Indian History Congress Proceedings, Vol. 44, pp. 623-627.

Raja, J.S. 2015, ‘’Decriminalized’ Indian Emigration: Mauritius, 1833-1922’ in International Journal of History, Archaeology, Indology & Numismatics, 2 (1).

Rajkomar, S. 2018, ‘The Trauma of Indenture in Sueurs de Sang by Mauritian writer Abhimanyu Unnuth’ in Postcolonial Studies, November 2018.

Rajkomar, S. 2017, ‘Multi-directional Memory: Marcel Cabon’s Unique Engagement with Memories of Slavery and Indenture in Mauritius’, paper presented at International Seminar on ‘Ending Indenture: Comparative Perspectives, 1875-1938’, University of Mauritius, September 2017.

Ramchurn, R.V. 2018, ‘Life on Sugar Estates in Colonial Mauritius’ in Journal of Anthropology and Archaeology, Vol. 6 (2), pp. 11-20.

Ramharai, V. 2001, ‘Ananda Devi: Repenser l’identité de la femme mauricienne’ in Notre Librairie, 146, pp. 110-114.

Ramsuran, P. 1990, Mauritius: lok sahitya aur sanskriti, Rajesh Prakashan, New Delhi.

Ramsuran, P. 1974, Mauritius ki lok kathayen (Folk tales of Mauritius), Rajpal and Sons, New Delhi.

Ramsurrun, P. (ed.) 2011, The History of Mauritius – British Perspectives, New Dawn Press, New Delhi.

Ravi, S. 2010. ‘Indo-Mauritians: National and Postnational Identities’ in L’Esprit Créateur, Vol. 50 (2), pp. 29-45.

Ravi, S. 2006, ‘Religion, Health and the Hindu Woman in Mauritius: Ananda Devi’s Le Voile de Draupadi’ in Kunapipi, 28 (1), pp. 67-78.

Reddi, S.J. 1984a, ‘The Establishment of the Indian Indenture System, 1834-1842’ in Bissoondoyal, U. (ed.) Indians Overseas: The Mauritian Experience, MGI, Mauritius.

Reddi, S.J. 1984b, ‘Labour Protest among the Indian Immigrants’ in Bissoondoyal, U. (ed.) Indians Overseas: The Mauritian Experience, MGI, Mauritius.

Sain, P.B. 1980, ‘A Study of the Problems faced by Indian Indentured Labour in Mauritius due to Violation of Contract 1834-1878’ in Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Vol. 41, pp. 813-822.

Salverda, T. 2015, The Franco-Mauritian elite: Power and Anxiety in the Face of Change, Berghahn Books, New York.

Sambajee, P. 2016, ‘The Dynamics of Language and Ethnicity in Mauritius’ in International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, Vol. 16 (2), pp. 215-229.

Sarup, L.G. 2008, Unravelling the Thread: The Gujadhurs of Mauritius, Aldrich International, Kolkata.

Scoble, J. 1840, Hill Coolies: A Brief Exposure of the Deplorable Conditions of the Hill Coolies in British Guiana and Mauritius, Harvey & Danton, London.

Seetah, K. 2016, ‘Contextualizing complex social contact: Mauritius, a microcosm of global diaspora’ in Cambridge Archaeology, 26 (2), pp. 265-283.

Seetah, K. 2011, Trianon: Archaeological Investigations of an Indentured Barracks, Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund, Mauritius.

Seetah, K. 2010a, ‘Our Struggle: Mauritius – An Exploration on Colonial Legacies on an Island Paradise’ in Shima: The International Journal for Island Cultures, 4, pp. 99-112.

Seetah, K. 2010b, ‘Researching the everyday lives of indentured labourers: Archaeological work at Trianon Barracks’ in Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund Newsletter, No. 8.

Selvam, S. 2003, ‘Religion and ethnicity in the Indian diaspora: Murugan worship among Tamil-Hindus in Mauritius’ in Mauritian Studies, 2 (1), pp. 1-29.

Sen, A. 2017, ‘Widows and the Pain of Indenture: Writings from Mauritius’ in Salesian Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, Vol. VIII (2), pp. 21-28.

Servan-Schreiber, C. 2014, Indianité et Créolité à l’ile Maurice, Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales, Paris.

Servan-Schreiber, C. 2010, Histoire d’une musique métisse à l’île Maurice : Chutney indien et séga Bollywood, Riveneuve éditions, Paris.

Shunmugaraja, J. 2015, ‘’Decriminalized’ Indian Emigration: Mauritius, 1833-1922’ in International Journal of History, Archaeology, Indology and Numismatics, Vol. 2 (1).

Shunmugaraja, J. 2002, Indentured Labour Laws in Mauritius: A Study 1834-1922, MA Dissertation, Manonmaniam Sundaram University, Tirneveli.

Sinha-Kerkhoff, K. 2005, ‘From India to an Indian Diaspora to a Maurinatian Diaspora’ in Thapan. M. (ed.) Transnational Migration and Politics of Identity, Sage, New Delhi, pp. 63-94.

Sooriamoorthy, R. 1977, Les Tamouls à l’Ile Maurice, ELP, Mauritius.

Stanziani, A. 2014, ‘Bondage across the Ocean: Indentured Labour in the Indian Ocean’ in Sanziani, A. Bondage: Labour and Rights In Eurasia from the Sixteenth to the early Twentieth Centuries, Berghan Books, New York.

Stanziani, A. 2013a, ‘Labour, Rights and Immigration. A Comparison between Mauritius and Reunion Islands, 1840-1880’ in Modern Asian Studies, 47 (4), pp. 1218-1251.

Stanziani, A. 2013b, ‘Local Bondage in Global Economies: Servants, wage earners, and Indentured migrants in nineteenth-century France, Great Britain, and the Mascarene Islands’ in Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 47 (4), pp. 1218-1251.

Tamby, S. 2017, ‘The Ideological Continuum between Slavery and Indenture: A Survey of Population Policies in Post-Emancipation Mauritius’, paper presented at International Seminar on ‘Ending Indenture: Comparative Perspectives, 1875-1938’, University of Mauritius, September 2017.

Teelock. V. 2001, Mauritian History From its Beginning to Modern Times, Mahatma Gandhi Institute, Mauritius.

Teelock. V. 1998, Bitter Sugar: Sugar and Slavery in 19th Century Mauritius, Mahatma Gandhi Institute, Mauritius.

Teelock, V. et al. (eds.) 2013, Angajé: Explorations into the History, Society and Culture of Indentured Immigrants and their Descendants in Mauritius, Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund, Port Louis.

Thaira, R.K. 1995, ‘Indian Indentured Workers in Mauritius, Natal, and Fiji’ in Cohen, R. (ed.) The Cambridge Survey of World Migration, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Tiroumalechetty, P. 2014, Tamil cultural identity in Mauritius: a sociolinguistic perspective, Self published and printed in Mauritius.

Torabully, K. 2001, ‘V.S. Naipaul, un écrivain de la coolitude’ in La Quinzaine Littéraire, 2001.

Tredgold, J.H. 1842, The Export of Coolies, and other Labourers to Mauritius, British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, London.

Trouillet, P.Y. 2014, ‘Les lances de Muruga à Maurice: Trajectoires d’un hindouisme tamoul’ in Servan-Schreiber, C. (ed.) Indianité et créolité à l’île Maurice, Editions de l’EHESS, Paris, pp. 169-198.

Turcotte, P. & Brabant, C. 1983, ‘Ile Maurice: Nuvo Sime’ in Peuples Noirs/Peuples Africains, 31.

Vinson, A. 1860, De l’Immigration Indienne, Imprimeur du Gouvernement, Saint-Denis, Réunion.

Wright, N.E. 2021, ‘Central Margins: Paradox and Transformation of Dichotomies in Two England Language Novels by Mauritian Lindsey Collen’ in Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies, 5 (1), pp.93-113.

Younger, P. 2009, New Homelands: Hindu Communities in Mauritius, Guyana, Trinidad, South Africa, Fiji and East Africa, OUP, Oxford.